The Mahavamshatika connects him with the Shakya clan of the Buddha, a clan which also belongs to the race of Ādityas. — Strabo, Geographica, 15.1.53. Chandragupta Maurya, with the help of Chanakya, defeated the Magadha king and the army of the Chandravanshi clan. Chandra Gupta Maurya – Family Tree . The Roman historian Justin described how Sandrocottus (the Greek version of Chandragupta's name) conquered the northwest: Some time after, as he was going to war with the generals of Alexander, a wild elephant of great bulk presented itself before him of its own accord, and, as if tamed down to gentleness, took him on its back, and became his guide in the war, and conspicuous in fields of battle. After annexing Seleucus' eastern Persian provinces, Chandragupta had a vast empire extending across the northern parts of Indian Sub-continent, from the Bay of Bengal to the Arabian Sea. The exact details of engagement are not known. Husband of Nandini; Queen of Taxilla Chandravarana and Durdhara Chandragupta Maurya is a pivotal figure in the history of India. According to this text, the encounter would have happened around 326 BCE, suggesting a birth date for Chandragupta around 340 BCE. Some of these exploits were performed before the death of Antigonus and some afterward. He is said to have ended his life at Shravanabelagola (in present-day Karnataka) through Sallekhana. Wife List. After Alexander's death in 323 BCE, Chandragupta turned his attention to Northwestern South Asia (modern Pakistan), where he defeated the satrapies (described as "prefects" in classical Western sources) left in place by Alexander (according to Justin), and may have assassinated two of his governors, Nicanor and Philip. There was a growth in culture which derived its inspiration from the Achaemenids and the Hellenistic world. He ruled from 324 BCE until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favour of his son, Bindusara, in 297 BC. Archaeologically, concrete indications of Maurya rule, such as the inscriptions of the Edicts of Ashoka, are known as far as Kandhahar in southern Afghanistan. Chandragupta subsequently married Seleucus's daughter to formalize an alliance and established a policy of friendship with the Hellenistic kingdoms, which stimulated India's trade and contact with the western world. Chandragupta Maurya (IAST: Candragupta Maurya, c. 321-c. 297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire and the first emperor to unify most of Greater India into one state. And there was no boasting in these reports. Chandragupta Maurya was a pivotal figure in the history of India. illustrious, lineage. Seleucus I Nicator, a Macedonian satrap of Alexander, reconquered most of Alexander's former empire and put under his own authority the eastern territories as far as Bactria and the Indus (Appian, History of Rome, The Syrian Wars 55), until in 305 BCE he entered into conflict with Chandragupta: Always lying in wait for the neighboring nations, strong in arms and persuasive in council, he acquired Mesopotamia, Armenia, 'Seleucid' Cappadocia, Persis, Parthia, Bactria, Arabia, Tapouria, Sogdia, Arachosia, Hyrcania, and other adjacent peoples that had been subdued by Alexander, as far as the river Indus, so that the boundaries of his empire were the most extensive in Asia after that of Alexander. [citation needed] The Mahaparinibbana Sutta states that the Moriyas (Mauryas) belonged to the Kshatriya community of Pippalivana i.e. Geni requires JavaScript! Regardless, in the ensuing war, Chandragupta faced off against Bhadrasala, the commander of Dhana Nanda's armies. According to Bharatendu Harishchandra's translation of the play, his father was the Nanda king Mahananda and his mother was a barber's wife named Mora, hence the surname Maurya. As noted by scholars such as R. C. Majumdar and D. D. Kosambi, Seleucus appears to have fared poorly, having ceded large territories west of the Indus to Chandragupta. Plutarch reports that he met with Alexander the Great in Punjab, and that he viewed the ruling Nanda Empire in a negative light: Androcottus, when he was a stripling, saw Alexander himself, and we are told that he often said in later times that Alexander narrowly missed making himself master of the country, since its king was hated and despised on account of his baseness and low birth. Chandragupta subsequently married Seleucus's daughter to formalize an alliance and established a policy of friendship with the Hellenistic kingdoms, which stimulated India's trade and contact with the western world. Parvateshwara (Porus), a king of Punjab, was the only local king who was able to challenge Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River, but he was defeated. Later Ptolemy II Philadelphus, the ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt and contemporary of Ashoka the Great, is also recorded by Pliny the Elder as having sent an ambassador named Dionysius to the Maurya court. He established a strong central administration patterned after Chanakya’s text on politics, the Arthashastra (English: Economics and Political Science). In addition to this treaty, Seleucus dispatched an ambassador, Megasthenes, to Chandragupta, and later Deimakos to his son Bindusara, at the Maurya court at Pataliputra (modern Patna in Bihar state). Prior to his consolidation of power, most of the Indian subcontinent was divided into mahajanapadas, while the Nanda Empire dominated the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Daughter of his maternal uncle, she was the main consort of Chandragupta Maurya. The Buddhist text the Mahavamsa calls Chandragupta a member of a division of the(Kshatriya) clan called the Moriya. Father(adopted): Kshema Dharma. Chandragupta was influenced to accept Jainism by the sage Bhadrabahu; he abdicated his throne to spend his last days at the Shravana Belgola, a famous religious site in southwest India, where he fasted to death. Sandrocottus, having thus acquired a throne, was in possession of India, when Seleucus was laying the foundations of his future greatness; who, after making a league with him, and settling his affairs in the east, proceeded to join in the war against Antigonus. Plutarch and other Greco-Roman historians appreciated the gravity of Chandragupta Maurya's conquests. Mauryan India was characterised by an efficient and highly organised bureaucratic structure with a large civil service. Then the child was named after Bindusara and he continued Chandragupta Maurya Family Tree. After unifying much of India, Chandragupta and his chief advisor Chanakya passed a series of major economic and political reforms. The whole region from Phrygia to the Indus was subject to Seleucus. After unifying India, Chandragupta and his chief advisor Chanakya passed a series of major economic and political reforms. According to Plutarch, at the time of the Battle of the Hydaspes, the Nanda Empire's army numbered 200,000 infantry, 80,000 cavalry, 8,000 chariots, and 6,000 war elephants, which discouraged Alexander's men and prevented their further progress into India: As for the Macedonians, however, their struggle with Porus blunted their courage and stayed their further advance into India. Conquest of Macedonian territories in India. Due to his defeat, Seleucus surrendered Arachosia (modern Kandahar), Gedrosia (modern Balochistan), Paropamisadae (or Gandhara). In order to defeat the powerful Nanda army, Chandragupta needed to raise a formidable army of his own. The Mudrarakshasa of Visakhadutta as well as the Jain work Parisishtaparvan talk of Chandragupta's alliance with the Himalayan king Parvatka, sometimes identified with Porus. As soon as the forces, therefore, of all the confederates were united, a battle was fought, in which Antigonus was slain, and his son Demetrius put to flight. These accounts are also supported by present-day names of local features near Shravanabelagola, and several inscriptions dating from 7th-15th century that refer to Bhadrabahu and Chandragupta in conjunction. He maintained friendly relations with Greek governors in Asia and Egypt. In both art and architecture, the Mauryan empire constituted a landmark. Chandragupta Maurya (340 BC – 298 BC) was the founder of the Mauryan Empire and the first emperor to unify India into one state. Bindusara's son Ashoka became one of the most influential rulers in India's history due to his extension of the Empire to the entire Indian subcontinent as well as his role in the worldwide propagation of Buddhism. According to Jain accounts, Chandragupta abdicated his throne in favour of his son Bindusara, embraced Jainism, and followed Bhadrabahu and other monks to South India. He is said to have lived as an ascetic at Shravanabelagola for several years before starving himself to death, as per Jain practice of sallekhana. Buddhism and Jainism became increasingly prominent. He then married Helena, a Greek Princess at the age of 40. His empire extended from Bengal in the east to Afghanistan and Balochistan in the west, to the Himalayas and Kashmir in the north, and to the Deccan Plateau in the south. [citation needed] Chanakya, however, planned to defeat the foreign invasion and sought help from other kings to unite and fight Alexander. — Junianus Justinus, Historiarum Philippicarum libri XLIV, XV.4.15. These traditions indicate that Chandragupta came from a Kshatriya lineage. possibly Pipli on the outskirts of Kurukshetra. Very little is known about Chandragupta's youth and ancestry. And Phylarchus confirms him, by reference to some of the presents which Sandrakottus, the king of the Indians, sent to Seleucus; which were to act like charms in producing a wonderful degree of affection, while some, on the contrary, were to banish love. (at age 20 years) Daughter of his eldest maternal uncle and brother of his adopted mother Mura and chief consort of Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. Father: Sarvatha Siddhi (assumed given by jain texts) Mother: Not Known. [citation needed] The Greek diplomat Megasthenes, who visited the Maurya capital Pataliputra, is an important source of Maurya history. Chandragupta was born into a family left destitute by the death of his father, chief of the migrant Mauryas, in a border fray. He ruled from 324 BCE until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favour of his son, Bindusara, in 297 BC. After having made a treaty with him [Sandrakotos] and put in order the Orient situation, Seleucos went to war against Antigonus. It was the largest empire yet seen in Indian history. http://www.historydiscussion.net/biography/chandragupta-maurya/biography-of-chandragupta-maurya-ancestry-early-life-and-his-conquest/5716. Megasthenes later recorded the size of Chandragupta's army as 400,000 soldiers, according to Strabo: Megasthenes was in the camp of Sandrocottus, which consisted of 400,000 men. Mainstream scholarship asserts that Chandragupta received vast territory west of the Indus, including the Hindu Kush, modern day Afghanistan, and the Balochistan province of Pakistan.

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