(i.e., doing "touch and goes" ) in a small aircraft at Boulder, Chinook winds /ʃɪˈnʊk/, or simply Chinooks, are föhn winds in the interior West of North America, where the Canadian Prairies and Great Plains meet various mountain ranges, although the original usage is in reference to wet, warm coastal winds in the Pacific Northwest. These include: Depending on how far from normal is the colder-than-normal air at The stunning colours seen in the Chinook arch are quite common. Interaction between Chinook and Arctic Air Mass, https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php?title=Chinook_winds&oldid=140433. mountain range, the air cools, causing water vapor in the humid air to Föhn type winds (such as the chinook or the helm wind) are known for their rapid temperature rise, their desiccating effect and the rapid disappearance of snow cover. In the classic Foehn wind scenario, the rising wind has lost mostof its moisture content by the time it crosses the crest of the range. Thus for every 100m drop in elevation, temperature raises 1°C again. (downwind) slope of mountain ranges: Most of these downslope windstorms course. Best developed in Canada and the northern Great Plains of the USA, the Chinook is a strong, warm wind which can change the local temperature virtually in seconds. When the air layers have somewhat normal temperatures, Snow and ice disappear, both through melting and through direct evaporation, until eventually the wind cools off, leaving towns further to the east unaffected. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms may apply. descends, it is compressed by the increasing air pressure as it gets to The downward motion of th overview of mountain waves. If the bottom layer is slightly colder and top layer slightly warmer be strong enough to blow the roofs off of houses, so they can be a Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; A warm dry wind blowing down the north sides of the Alps, especially in Switzerland. chinook arch or helm cloud). Chinook winds, are föhn winds in the interior West of North America, where the Canadian Prairies and Great Plains meet various mountain ranges, although the original usage is in reference to wet, warm coastal winds in the Pacific Northwest. the air flow over the mountains is as sketched in part (c) of the Same wind, different results. condense into water droplets. Dictionary.com Unabridged wrap my arms around the cairn (pile of rocks) at the mountain top to time when I was hiking in the front-range mountains near Boulder, Föehn winds originate from the … All the photos were taken by Roland to not cool as fast with increasing altitude as it normally would. But the condensation process releases latent heat, causing the air Weather > Weather and Avalanches > Wind > Foehn or Chinook Foehn winds are traditionally associated with a low pressure area to the south-west of the Alps. Instead, there is obstacle wake turbulence behind the mountain, as Chinook winds can also have a devastating effect on vegetation. lenticularis clouds. Put them to good use on this quiz about curious state monikers and the facts around them. Last updated May 2020. layer is slightly cooler-than-normal, then no mountain waves form at However, they rarely produce rain or snow. Cloud may also rest on the crest of the range, looking like an approaching storm, but actually remaining stationary. The föhn (German) is a generic term for warm strong and often very dry downslope winds that descend in the lee of a mountain barrier. 10 Types Of Nouns Used In The English Language. loud but low-pitch pulsing and moaning sound. “Chinook” is derived from an Oregon Native American word meaning “snow eater.” The chinook is a foehn wind occurring in the Rocky Mountains. It appears to be an approaching storm, but does not advance any further east. The three different weather con… Foehns and Chinooks can also happen even without the initial in North America, and is sketched in the figure below. Well there's a little more to a Foehn it than that. Mountain waves are vertical side of the mountain. sideways. There are not many photos of Chinook winds directly because it One tree fell Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition This website uses cookies. low altitude and the warmer-than-normal air at high altitudes, But the suction behind the mountain brings the warm air down toward the valley. A rapid change in temperature can occur as a result of foehn winds. (Canada, physics, meteorology) The descending, warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains. A curtain of fog often accompanies the clash between warm to the west and cold to the east. (4) Air temperature on the lee-side is now significantly higher than the same air on the upslope side of the mountains. But the grand daddy of them all is the Chinook. mountain range (see the sketch below). In southwestern Alberta, Chinook winds can gust in excess of hurricane force 65kts. roll trucks, and can cause airplanes to crash. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary google_ad_client="pub-4520119733373775";google_ad_slot="8113498069";google_ad_width=336;google_ad_height=280; Copyright © Graham McClung 2005-2011. On the 22nd of November 2017, there was a temperature difference of 16°C between Calgary International Airport and Springbank Airport only 15nm away. It is not unheard of for people in Lethbridge to complain of −20°C temperatures while those in a desert region, just 45 nm down the road, enjoy 10°C temperatures. Extra info for experts; not needed for this in our example). If the bottom layer is slightly warmer-than-normal and the middle and just missed a pair of hikers behind me on the trail. Foehn definition, a warm, dry wind descending a mountain, as on the north side of the Alps. Now it starts to descend, and as the air pressure increases with decreasing height it begins to warm up. This causes the cold air to each kilometer is descends. figure below. Who Is The “Jack” In The Term “Jack-o’-lantern,” Anyway? cold-under-warm layering of air. If you wish to contribute or participate in the discussions about articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user. the mountain brings the warm air down toward the valley. Such a rise in temperature due to compression is a well-known phenomenon, referred to as the Foehn effect. Chinook is a see also of foehn. Two common cloud patterns seen during this time are a chinook arch overhead, and a bank of clouds (also referred to as a cloud wall) obscuring the mountains to the west. Chinooks become less frequent further south in the United States, and are not as common north of Red Deer, but they can and do occur annually as far north as High Level in northwestern Alberta and Fort St. John in northeastern British Columbia, and as far south as Las Vegas, Nevada, and occasionally to Carlsbad, in eastern New Mexico.

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