Since then, the independent film industry has become more clearly defined and more influential in American cinema. In June 1999, the long-awaited Hollywood extension of the Los Angeles County Metro Rail Red Line subway opened, running from Downtown Los Angeles to the Valley, with stops along Hollywood Boulevard at Western Avenue, Vine Street and Highland Avenue. With the advent of television, the number of movies being made dropped sharply, even as the average budget soared, marking a change in strategy for the industry. A studio could gamble on a medium-budget feature with a good script and relatively unknown actors: Citizen Kane, directed by Orson Welles (1915-1985) and widely regarded as one of the greatest movies of all time, fits that description. Each studio had its own style and characteristic touches which made it possible for audiences to recognize their films, a trait that does not exist today. The first feature film made in Hollywood, in 1914, was called 'The Squaw Man'. Which of these was not a member of Monty Python? thank you for this blog and who ever wrote this could be come the new google am i right. To a lesser degree in the 2000s, film types that were previously considered to have only a minor presence in the mainstream movie market began to arise as more potent American box office draws. The Golden Age is over. Kept out of other occupations by religious prejudice, they were able to make their mark in a brand-new business: the exhibition of short films in storefront theaters called "nickelodeons," named after their admission price of a nickel. Harvey Henderson Wilcox of Kansas, who made a fortune in real estate even though he had lost the use of his legs due to typhoid fever, and his wife, Daeida who was originally from Hicksville, Ohio, moved to Los Angeles from Topeka. Their movies were often both critically acclaimed and successful at the box office. In 1910, because of an inadequate water supply, Hollywood residents voted to consolidate with Los Angeles. They joined a homegrown supply of actors—lured west from the New York City stage after the introduction of sound films—to form one of the twentieth century's most remarkable growth industries. Public opinion about the quality of television content soon declined, and by contrast, cinema's status began to be regarded more and more as a serious art form worthy of respect and study as a fine art. Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford, on top of the world in 1921 after forming United Artists. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Hollywood-California, United States History - Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, United States, Hollywood - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). These movies, which each set the all-time box office record during their releases, induced studios to focus even more heavily than before on trying to produce popular hits. Protested by the Hollywood Ten before the committee, the hearings resulted in the blacklisting of many actors, writers and directors, including Chayefsky, Charlie Chaplin, and Dalton Trumbo, and many of these fled to Europe, especially the United Kingdom. With the addition of theaters came the ability of agents to start to promote their own styles of stars. Other moviemakers arrived from Europe after World War I: directors like Ernst Lubitsch, Alfred Hitchcock, Fritz Lang, and Jean Renoir; and actors like Rudolph Valentino, Marlene Dietrich, Ronald Colman, and Charles Boyer. Among the other films in the Golden Age period that remain classics to the present day: Casablanca, It's a Wonderful Life, the original King Kong, and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Spectacular epics which took advantage of new widescreen processes were increasingly popular from the 1950s onwards. They also set the stage for the industry's internationalism; the industry is often accused of Amero-centric provincialism, but simultaneously has employed a huge number of foreign-born talent: from Swedish actress Greta Garbo to Australian Nicole Kidman, from Hungarian director Michael Curtiz to Mexican director Alfonso Cuarón. Prospect Avenue soon became a prestigious residential street populated with large Queen Anne, Victorian, and Mission Revival houses. After hearing about this wonderful place, in 1913 many movie-makers headed west to avoid the fees imposed by Thomas Edison, who owned patents on the movie-making process. Such productions carry a substantial risk of failure, and most studios release blockbusters that both over- and under-perform in a year. In 1886, Wilcox bought 160 acres (0.6 km²) of land in the countryside to the west of the city at the foothills and the Cahuenga Pass. Significant American-born film directors include: American Experimental film The still photography and early silent motion pictures were the start of many celebrated things in film. Hollywood was laid out as a real-estate subdivision in 1887 by Harvey Wilcox, a prohibitionist from Kansas who envisioned a community based on his sober religious principles. But certain movie people, such as Cecil B. DeMille, either remained contract artists until the end of their careers or used the same creative teams on their films, so that a DeMille film still looked like one whether it was made in 1932 or 1956, and John Ford's later Westerns were frequently as good as his earlier ones. In the early 1900s, when the medium was new, many immigrants, particularly Jews, found employment in the U.S. film industry. Since the early 20th century, the US film industry has largely been based in and around the 30 Mile Zone in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Now, each film made by a studio could have an entirely different cast and creative team, resulting in the gradual loss of all those "characteristics" which made MGM, Paramount, Universal, Columbia, RKO, and Twentieth-Century Fox films immediately identifiable. For example, To Have and Have Not (1944) is famous not only for the first pairing of actors Humphrey Bogart (1899-1957) and Lauren Bacall (1924- ) but also for being written by two future winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature: Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), author of the novel on which the script was nominally based, and William Faulkner (1897-1962), who worked on the screen adaptation. Within a few years, ambitious men like Samuel Goldwyn, Carl Laemmle, Adolph Zukor, Louis B. Mayer, and the Warner Brothers (Harry, Albert, Samuel, and Jack) had switched to the production side of the business. Directors like Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas, Brian de Palma, Martin Scorsese, and Steven Spielberg produced films that paid homage to the history of film, further developing existing genres and techniques. At its worst, it titillates prurient interests and nudges its viewers to commit acts of evil and stupidity. The top three continents/regions by box office gross were: Asia-Pacific with US$14.9 billion, the U.S. and Canada with US$11.4 billion, and Europe, the Middle East and North Africa with US$9.5 billion. Hollywood, also called Tinseltown, district within the city of Los Angeles, California, U.S., whose name is synonymous with the American film industry. First built in 1923 (a new sign was erected in 1978), the sign originally said “Hollywoodland” (to advertise new homes being developed in the area), but the sign fell into disrepair, and the “land” section was removed in the 1940s when the sign was refurbished. Director D.W. Griffith was central to the development of a film grammar. The House Un-American Activities Committee investigated Hollywood in the early 1950s. Griffith then filmed the first movie ever shot in Hollywood, In Old California (1910), a melodrama about California in the 1800s, while it was still part of Mexico. Hollywood had become the centre of the American film industry by 1915 as more independent filmmakers relocated there from the East Coast. Biograph stayed there for months and made several films before returning to New York. Among the writers who were fascinated by Hollywood in its “golden age” were F. Scott Fitzgerald, Aldous Huxley, Evelyn Waugh, and Nathanael West. eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'newworldencyclopedia_org-medrectangle-4','ezslot_1',162,'0','0'])); In the United States, the first exhibitions of films for large audiences typically followed the intermissions in vaudeville shows. She donated land for 3 churches, the first library and city hall, a park and a school and even a police station. They were attracted by the mild climate and reliable sunlight, which made it possible to film movies outdoors year-round, and by the varied scenery that was available. Movies made in this manner typically emphasize a high professional quality of acting, directing, screenwriting, and other elements associated with production, and also upon creativity and innovation.

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