Taiwan, formally the Republic of China, is a parliamentary democracy. Martial law was used as a means of suppressing the political opposition. Some of these cultures included the Yingpu and Tahu cultures. One of the most famous sites in eastern Taiwan is the Taroko National Park, with its landscape of peaks and gorges. Railroads and other transportation networks were extended, a sanitation system constructed, and an official education system developed. When the Korean War broke out in 1950, however, the US changed its position on Taiwan; President Harry S Truman sent the American Seventh Fleet into the Straits between Taiwan and the mainland to prevent the island from falling to the Communists. Some 98% of the Taiwanese are ethnically Han Chinese, but their ancestors migrated to the island in several waves and speak different languages. Taiwan was the biggest sugar manufacturer in the globe by 1939. Taiwan's unemployment rate is 4.3% (2011), and a per capita GDP of $37,900 US. Definition and Considerations, Biography of Sun Yat-sen, Chinese Revolutionary Leader, People's Republic of China Facts and History, The History of Putonghua and Its Use Today. The following is a chronology of the major events in Taiwan history and its transformation into a democracy. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Taiwan was under the authoritarian one-party rule of Chiang Kai-shek until his death in 1975. Timeline of Taiwanese history | taiwan history, 『Taiwan for Sale?』History of Taiwan－《動畫臺灣史》 EP0『賣台？後藤桑の如意算盤』. The Book of Sui also documents that in the 7th century, Emperor Yang of the Sui dynasty sent a number of expeditions to an area referred to as ‘Liuqiu’, which was later related to the island chain towards the northeast of Taiwan. It called for the adoption of a new constitution for a ‘normal nation’. Lee continued the democratization process in the government and reduced mainland Chinese’s concentration on government authority. The Legislature has 113 seats, including 6 set aside to represent Taiwan's aboriginal population. The average temperature in July is about 27°C (81°F), while in February the average drops to 15°C (59°F). Both executive and legislative members serve four-year terms. This is a timeline of Taiwanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Taiwan and its predecessor states. In 1971, the United Nations recognized the People's Republic of China as the proper holder of the Chinese seat in the UN (both the Security Council and the General Assembly). Meanwhile, Taiwan's economy boomed on the strength of high-tech exports. The total population of Taiwan is approximately 23.2 million as of 2011. In 1874, the Meiji government sent an expeditionary force of 3,000 to invade Taiwan; 543 of the Japanese died, but they managed to establish a presence on the island. During the Qing annexation of Taiwan, different Han Chinese groups fought one another and the Taiwanese aborigines. As a result, it is seismically active; on September 21, 1999, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake hit the island, and smaller tremors are quite common. This has been brought about by the creation of the Pan-Blue Coalition of parties headed by the KMT which is in favor of the ultimate re-unification of China, and the Pan-Green Coalition of parties headed by the DPP which is in favor of a formal declaration of Taiwan’s sovereignty. In the legislative elections of 2008, KMT secured most of the seats in the Legislative Yuan, and its candidate Ma Ying-jeou won the presidency in March the same year and assumed office on 20 May the same year. The western third of the island is flat and fertile, so the vast majority of Taiwan's people live there. Most adhere to Buddhism, often in combination with the philosophies of Confucianism and/or Taoism. The Republic of China (Taiwan) was expelled. These aboriginal languages belong to the Austronesian language family rather than the Sino-Tibetan family. Descendants of this third wave, which took place in 1949, are called waishengren and make up 12% of Taiwan's total population. 1895 - China cedes Taiwan to Japan after losing a war. China, officially referred to as the People’s Republic of China borders Taiwan to the West. In 1592, Toyotomi Hideyoshi of Japan sent an armada to take Taiwan, but the aboriginal Taiwanese fought the Japanese off. Taiwan also has a Judicial Yuan, which administers the courts. Finally, 2% of Taiwanese citizens are aboriginal people, divided into thirteen major ethnic groups. New political parties were not allowed and those already present did not contest against the KMT. The Japanese invasion of Taiwan would change Taiwan’s history forever. The Spanish Empire seized northern Taiwan in 1626. The highest point in Taiwan is Yu Shan, 3,952 meters (12,966 feet) above sea level. They wonder if Taiwan is in a similar situation to that of Hong Kong and Macau, under China’s “One Country Two Systems” policy. The younger Chiang passed away in 1988, and further political and social liberalization led to the free election of Lee Teng-hui as president in 1996. Japan demanded that Qing China compensate them for the incident. Humans first settled the island of Taiwan as early as 30,000 years ago, although the identity of those first inhabitants is unclear. Over the centuries, it has played an intriguing role in the history of East Asia, as a refuge, a mythical land, or a land of opportunity. Dr. Kallie Szczepanski is a history teacher specializing in Asian history and culture. 1945 - Taiwan … Waves of Han Chinese settlers arrived in Taiwan via the off-shore Penghu Islands, perhaps as early as 200 BCE. It was during the Niaosung culture that iron materialized and the first metal relics were trade goods. Hokkien is not mutually intelligible with Cantonese or Mandarin. Timeline: Taiwan-China relations since 1949. This period saw the imprisonment or execution of about 140,000 people who were believed to be pro-Communist or anti-KMT. Japan reiterated the demand, and the Qing officials refused again, citing the wild and uncivilized nature of Taiwanese aborigines. Many teachers ask us whether Taiwan is really an independent country or a part of China. Learn more about the history of Taiwan in this article. On 30th September 2007, DPP, the ruling party, okayed a resolution affirming a different identity from China. Nonetheless, it has a booming economy and is now also a functioning capitalist democracy. European awareness of Taiwan began in 1544 when the Portuguese sighted the island and named it Ilha Formosa, "beautiful island." This Chinese move was precipitated in part by increasing Japanese interest in Taiwan. Chiang Ching-Kuo gradually loosened his grip on absolute power during the 1980s, rescinding the state of martial law that had lasted since 1948. It is believed that these are the descendants of modern day Taiwanese locals and there dialects belong to the Austronesian language family. Before the 1970s, Western critics viewed Taiwan’s government as undemocratic for following martial law, monitoring the media, and suppressing any political opposition. The island of Taiwan floats in the South China Sea, just over one hundred miles from the coast of mainland China. Around 2,000 BCE or earlier, farming people from the mainland of China immigrated to Taiwan. In May 1949, Taiwan was placed under martial law until 1987 when it was annulled. Taiwan sits along the Pacific Ring of Fire, situated at a suture between the Yangtze, Okinawa and Philippine tectonic plates.

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